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101
“These offices ________ now. Be careful, the floors are wet.” Choose the correct passive form:Present Continuous Passive
[Choose the correct option]A are cleaned
B are being cleaned
C were being cleaned
D have been cleaned
✅ Correct Answer: B
Present continuous passive = is/are + being + past participle. Used for an action happening right now in passive form.
“The floors are wet” confirms the cleaning is happening at this very moment — so present continuous passive “are being cleaned” is correct. “Are cleaned” = simple present passive (general habit). “Were being cleaned” = past continuous passive. “Have been cleaned” = present perfect passive (already finished).
102
“Please, be patient. The plan ________ in two days.” Choose the correct passive form:Future Passive
[Choose the correct option]A is announced
B was announced
C will be announced
D has been announced
✅ Correct Answer: C
Future passive = will + be + past participle. Used when a future action will be done to the subject.
“In two days” is a future time marker confirming the action has not happened yet. Future passive = “will be announced”. “Is announced” = simple present passive. “Was announced” = simple past passive. “Has been announced” = present perfect passive meaning it is already done — which contradicts “be patient.”
103
“________ that Nawab Ali will find the robbers soon.” Choose the correct impersonal passive form:Impersonal Passive
[Choose the correct option]A People believe
B It is believed
C They are believing
D It was believed
✅ Correct Answer: B
Impersonal passive = It + is/was + past participle + that clause. Common verbs: it is said / it is believed / it is thought / it is reported / it is expected.
“It is believed that…” is the standard impersonal passive structure. It is used when we want to report general opinion without mentioning a specific subject. “People believe” is active. “It was believed” is past tense — but the context refers to a current/ongoing belief about future action.
104
“They ________ to play cricket every day when they were in college.” Choose the correct modal:Used To
[Choose the correct option]A ought
B used
C would
D dare
✅ Correct Answer: B
‘Used to + base verb’ expresses a past habit or state that no longer exists. Structure: used to + base verb (not ‘used to + to + verb’).
“They used to play cricket” = they played regularly in the past but no longer do so. ‘Ought to’ = moral duty/advice. ‘Would’ can also express past habits but only ‘used to’ can express past STATES (e.g. “I used to live here” — not “I would live here”). Here “used” + “to play” is the correct combination.
105
“Khan ________ to be at home.” Choose the correct modal that expresses moral obligation or advice:Ought To
[Choose the correct option]A used
B dare
C need
D ought
✅ Correct Answer: D
‘Ought to + base verb’ expresses moral obligation, duty or advice — similar to ‘should’ but slightly stronger. Structure: ought + to + base verb.
“Khan ought to be at home” = it is his duty / he should be at home (moral expectation). Unlike other modals, ‘ought’ is always followed by ‘to’: ought to go / ought to study / ought to help. ‘Used to’ = past habit. ‘Dare’ = challenge/boldness. ‘Need’ = necessity.
106
“Children ________ not go to the roof at night.” Choose the correct modal expressing prohibition/warning:Dare
[Choose the correct option]A used
B ought
C dare
D need
✅ Correct Answer: C
‘Dare’ as a modal verb is used in negative and question forms to express challenge or courage: dare not (daren’t) = must not / should not boldly do something.
“Children dare not go to the roof at night” = they must not/should not boldly go there. As a modal, ‘dare’ is followed by a bare infinitive (without ‘to’): dare not go / dare not speak. Compare: as a main verb — “She doesn’t dare to speak.” As a modal — “She dare not speak.”
107
“They ________ not read this book for this topic.” Choose the correct modal expressing lack of necessity:Need
[Choose the correct option]A dare
B ought
C need
D used
✅ Correct Answer: C
‘Need’ as a modal verb expresses necessity or lack of it. ‘Need not + base verb’ = it is not necessary to do something.
“They need not read this book” = it is not necessary for them to read it. As a modal, ‘need’ is followed by a bare infinitive (without ‘to’): need not go / need not worry. Compare with main verb: “They don’t need to read this book.” Both are correct but the modal form drops ‘to’ and ‘do/does’.
108
“More than anything else, I wanted some time alone ________ (read).” Identify the function of the infinitive in this sentence:Infinitive as Adverb
[Choose the correct option]A to reading
B for reading
C to read — used as an adverb showing purpose
D to read — used as a noun (subject)
✅ Correct Answer: C
Infinitive as adverb = modifies a verb, adjective or adverb — usually answers ‘why?’ or ‘for what purpose?’. Infinitive as adjective = modifies a noun. Infinitive as noun = acts as subject or object.
“I wanted time alone to read” — ‘to read’ tells us the PURPOSE of wanting time alone (why? — to read). It modifies the verb ‘wanted’ by expressing purpose → used as an adverb. Compare: “I have a book to read” (adjective — modifies noun ‘book’). “To read is fun” (noun — subject of sentence).
109
“My boss told ________ the reports before Friday.” Complete using verb + object + to + infinitive structure: (I/do)Verb + Object + Infinitive
[Choose the correct option]A me doing
B me to do
C I to do
D me do
✅ Correct Answer: B
Verb + object + to + infinitive structure: tell/ask/warn/advise/persuade/remind/force/allow + object pronoun (me/him/her/us/them) + to + base verb.
“My boss told me to do the reports.” Structure: told (verb) + me (object) + to do (infinitive). The subject pronoun ‘I’ changes to object pronoun ‘me’ because it receives the action. Other examples from the textbook: “I warned him not to drive too quickly.” / “We persuaded her to come to the party.”
110
“I warned ________ too quickly because of the bad weather.” Complete using verb + object + to + infinitive: (he/not/drive)Verb + Object + Infinitive
[Choose the correct option]A him not driving
B him not to drive
C he not to drive
D him to not drive
✅ Correct Answer: B
Negative verb + object + to + infinitive: verb + object + NOT + to + base verb. ‘Not’ always comes before ‘to’ in negative infinitive structures.
“I warned him not to drive too quickly.” For negative infinitive structures, ‘not’ is placed BEFORE ‘to’: “not to drive” (correct) — never “to not drive” (split infinitive — avoided in standard English). Other examples: “I asked her not to call so late.” / “Please tell him not to smoke here.”
Great content! Keep up the good work!
Good to hear…. thanks